Wildlife Type

Jawless fish (Phylogenetic tree) - Animals in the Habitats and the Fossil sites, and Biodiversity

Classified animal picture guide. Clicking the Organism name shows the images, and pointing the Organism name shows the tooltip with three links at the left-top corner.
The followings are extinct jawless fishes excavated and extant jawless fishes in the world. The primitive jawless fishes evolved from Chordate, and lived from Cambrian. The explanation in brackets is the ages they lived in extinct species, and the habitat in extant species. Note that Mya is million years ago. For example, "48.6～40.4 Mya" shows a range between 48.6 and 40.4 million years ago. The time range is shown in the Geological Time Table. The followings are a part of the Evolutionary Tree.
  • Kingdom Animalia
    • Phylum Chordata ⇒ Class Fish
      Primitive chordata Haikouella   (542～513 Mya), Pikaia   (513～501 Mya), Promissum (449～443.7 Mya), Palaeospondylus   (397～385 Mya)
      • Subphylum Vertebra
        • Superclass Agnatha (Oldest fishes, Hagfish, Lamprey) Jawless fish
          Jawless fish Haikouichthys   (535–520 Mya; Earliest fish), Myllokunmingia   (542 to 516 Mya; Earliest fish)
          • Class Pteraspidomorphi (Early jawless fish; 476.8～376.1 Mya)
            • Order Pteraspidomorphes (466～388.1 Mya)
              Jawless fish Pteraspis   (466～391.9 Mya; Great Dying①), Astraspis   (460.5～450 Mya), Ctenaspis   (418.1～412.3 Mya), Doryaspis   (416～407 Mya)
            • Order Arandaspida (479～457.5 Mya)
              Jawless fish Arandaspis   (479～460.5 Mya), Sacabambaspis   (479～457.5 Mya)
            • Order Heterostraci (479～376.1 Mya)
              Jawless fish Anatolepis (479～449 Mya), Lepidaspis   (418.1～412.3 Mya), Drepanaspis   (409.1～391.9 Mya)
          • Class Thelodonti (Advanced jawless fishes; 460.5～409.1 Mya)
            Jawless fish Furcacauda   (453～359 Mya; Great Dying①), Thelodus   (443.7～409.1 Mya)
          • Class Anaspida (Ancestors of lampreys)
            Jawless fish Jamoytius   (443.7～422.9 Mya), Pharyngolepis   (428.2～426.2 Mya), Birkenia   (428.2～418.7 Mya)
          • Class Pituriaspida (Armored jawless fishes)
            Jawless fish Pituriaspis   (397～385)
          • Class Osteostraci (Bony-armored jawless fishes)
            Jawless fish Ateleaspis   (428.2～418.7 Mya), Tremataspis   (426.2～418.7 Mya), Dartmuthia   (423～416 Mya), Cephalaspis   (418.1～391.9 Mya)
          • Class Myxini (Hagfish)
            • Order Myxiniformes (318.1 Mya～)
              Jawless fish Thelodus   (443.7～409.1 Mya), Dartmuthia   (423～416 Mya)
              Hagfish Inshore hagfish, Mekura-unagi
          • Class Cephalaspidomorphi (Lamprey; 426.2 Mya～)
            • Order Petromyzontiformes (376.1 Mya～)
              Lamprey eel Pouched lamprey, Chilean Lamprey, Caspian lamprey, Carpathian brook lamprey
        • Infraphylum Gnathostomata (Jawed vertebrates)
          • Class Placodermi (extinct group; 418.1～245 Mya) Armoured fish
          • Class Chondrichthyes (Ray, Shark; 466 Mya～) Cartilaginous fish
          • Class Acanthodii (extinct group; 421.3～255 Mya) Spiny sharks
          • Superclass Osteichthyes (Bony fish)
            • Class Sarcopterygii (Four-limbed vertebrate, Coelacanth, Lungfish; 422.9 Mya～) Lobe-finned fish
            • Class Actinopterygii (Most living fishes; 421.3 Mya～) Ray-finned fish